Laravel 會員管理 / CRUD - Laravel member system / CRUD
第二篇提到將layout切成前後台，這次就要來製作會員系統，並且設定不同的權限。
前台會員直接使用之前 php artisan make:auth 的註冊，後台的要另外建立，因為要設定權限的關係。
這裡 Model直接使用 app/User.php，然後建立 Controller。
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| php artisan make:controller MemberController --resource
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指令成功之後可以在 app/Http/controllers底下看到剛剛建立的 member.php，並且裡面已經有基本的 CRUD function。
接下來因為要加入權限的關係，要打開 database/migrations/2014_10_12_000000_create_users_table.php，並將其改成以下:
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| <?php
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
class CreateUsersTable extends Migration
{
public function up()
{
Schema::create('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
$table->bigIncrements('id');
$table->string('name');
$table->string('email')->unique();
$table->integer('permission')->default('0');
$table->timestamp('email_verified_at')->nullable();
$table->string('password');
$table->rememberToken();
$table->timestamps();
});
}
public function down()
{
Schema::dropIfExists('users');
}
}
|
信息
順帶一提，up()跟down()分別 就是建立與刪除。
接著由於 migration更新的關係，所以資料庫也要一起改變:
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| php artisan migrate:fresh
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有關更詳細的 Migration指令用法請詳閱 Migration。
再來因為有了新的資料庫欄位，所以要在 User.php 中加入剛剛新增的欄位。
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| <?php
namespace App;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\MustVerifyEmail;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
class User extends Authenticatable implements MustVerifyEmail
{
use Notifiable;
protected $fillable = [
'name', 'email', 'password','permission',
];
protected $hidden = [
'password', 'remember_token',
];
protected $casts = [
'email_verified_at' => 'datetime',
];
}
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做了這些前置作業之後，就可以到 Controllers/member.php 開始建立會員系統了。
先在在上方加入以下:
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| use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
use App\User;
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這些都是等等會用到的指令，先將其引入。
在會員管理的首頁，要顯示出目前有的會員以及會員資料，所以在 index()我們將其改為 :
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| public function index()
{
//從資料表 `users` 將所以資料取出，並進行分頁
$all_users = DB::table('users')->paginate();
//將取出的資料放在manage/member/index
return view('manage.member.index',compact('all_users'));
}
|
信息
可以在分頁括弧中輸入想要一頁幾筆資料，預設是15筆。
將 create() 改為 :
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| // 目的就是顯示建立會員的頁面
return view('manage.member.create');
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這時候要先來建立會員新增的頁面，在 views 底下根據下表建立檔案及資料夾 :
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| views/
├── _layouts/
├── _partials/
├── auth/
└── manage /
└── member
├── create.blade.php
├── edit.blade.php
└── index.blade.php
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接著在 ./routes/web.php中建立路由 :
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| //因為之後還有其他功能要加入，所以先使用group
Route::prefix('manage')->group(function(){
Route::resource('member', 'MemberController');
});
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路由建立好後在 index.blade.php中加入 :
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| @extends('_layouts.manage.app')
@section('title', trans('Member').trans('Manage'))
@section('content')
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">{% raw %}{{ trans('Member').trans('Manage') }}{% endraw %}</div>
<div class="card-body">
<ul class="list-inline">
<li class="list-inline-item">{% raw %}{{ App\Button::Create() }}{% endraw %}</li>
</ul>
<div class="table-responsive">
<table id="data" class="table table-hover table-bordered text-center">
<thead>
<tr class="table-info active">
<th class="text-nowrap text-center">{% raw %}{{ trans('Name') }}{% endraw %}</th>
<th class="text-nowrap text-center">{% raw %}{{ trans('E-Mail Address') }}{% endraw %}</th>
<th class="text-nowrap text-center">{% raw %}{{ trans('Permission') }}{% endraw %}</th>
<th class="text-nowrap text-center">{% raw %}{{ trans('Action') }}{% endraw %}</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
@foreach ($all_users as $user)
<tr>
<td>{% raw %}{{ $user->name }}{% endraw %}</td>
<td>{% raw %}{{ $user->email }}{% endraw %}</td>
<td>{% raw %}{{App\Enum::permission[$user->permission]}}{% endraw %}</td>
<td>
<form action="{% raw %}{{ route('member.edit',$user->id) }}{% endraw %}" method="GET">
@csrf
{% raw %}{{ App\Button::edit($user->id) }}{% endraw %}
</form>
<form action="{% raw %}{{ route('member.destroy',$user->id) }}{% endraw %}" method="POST">
@method('DELETE')
@csrf
{% raw %}{{ App\Button::deleting($user->id) }}{% endraw %}
</form>
</td>
</tr>
@endforeach
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card-footer pagination justify-content-center">
{!! $all_users->links("pagination::bootstrap-4") !!}
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@endsection
|
在 create.blade.php 加入 :
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| @extends('_layouts.manage.app')
@section('title', trans('Member').trans('Create'))
@section('content')
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="card">
<form action="{% raw %}{{ route('member.store') }}{% endraw %}" method="POST">
<div class="card-header">{% raw %}{{ trans('Member').trans('Create') }}{% endraw %}</div>
<div class="card-body">
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>{% raw %}{{ App\Button::GoBack(route('member.index')) }}{% endraw %}</li>
</ul>
@csrf
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="name" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('Name') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<input type="text" class="form-control @error('name') is-invalid @enderror" id="name" name="name" value="{% raw %}{{ old('name') }}{% endraw %}" placeholder="{% raw %}{{ trans('Name') }}{% endraw %}">
@error('name')
<span class="invalid-feedback" role="alert">
<strong>{% raw %}{{ $message }}{% endraw %}</strong>
</span>
@enderror
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="content" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('E-Mail Address') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<input type="text" class="form-control @error('email') is-invalid @enderror" id="email" name="email" value="{% raw %}{{ old('email') }}{% endraw %}" placeholder="{% raw %}{{ trans('E-Mail Address') }}{% endraw %}">
@error('email')
<span class="invalid-feedback" role="alert">
<strong>{% raw %}{{ $message }}{% endraw %}</strong>
</span>
@enderror
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="permission" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('Permission') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<select class="form-control @error('permission') is-invalid @enderror" id="permission" name='permission' required aria-describedby="typeHelp" value="{% raw %}{{ old('permission') }}{% endraw %}" placeholder="{% raw %}{{ trans('Permission') }}{% endraw %}">
<option value=''>{% raw %}{{ trans('Please choose')}}{% endraw %}{% raw %}{{ trans('Permission')}}{% endraw %}</option>
@foreach(App\Enum::permission as $key => $value)
<option value='{% raw %}{{ $key }}{% endraw %}'>{% raw %}{{ $value }}{% endraw %}</option>
@endforeach
</select>
@error('permission')
<span class="invalid-feedback" role="alert">
<strong>{% raw %}{{ $message }}{% endraw %}</strong>
</span>
@enderror
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="content" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('Password') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<input type="password" class="form-control @error('password') is-invalid @enderror" id="password" name="password" placeholder="{% raw %}{{ trans('Password') }}{% endraw %}">
@error('password')
<span class="invalid-feedback" role="alert">
<strong>{% raw %}{{ $message }}{% endraw %}</strong>
</span>
@enderror
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="content" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('Confirm Password') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="password_confirmation" name="password_confirmation" placeholder="{% raw %}{{ trans('Confirm Password') }}{% endraw %}">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card-footer text-center">
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="{% raw %}{{ trans('Create') }}{% endraw %}">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@endsection
|
之前在 App/Enum 中加入的權限在上面派上用場了 :
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| // 帳號權限
const permission = [
'0' => '一般使用者',
'1' => '限閱',
'2' => '閱讀、新增',
'3' => '閱讀、新增、編輯',
'4' => '閱讀、新增、編輯、刪除',
'5' => '所有權限',
];
|
既然會員新增的頁面做好了，就在 `controller` 中加入 `store()` 來儲存資料 :
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| public function store(Request $request)
{
$user = new User;
$data = $request->validate([
'name' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
'email' => ['required', 'string', 'email', 'max:255', 'unique:users'],
'password' => ['required', 'string', 'min:1', 'confirmed'],
'permission' => ['required', 'string', 'max:5', 'min:0'],
]);
foreach ($request->except('_token','_method','password_confirmation') as $key => $value) {
if ($request->filled($key) && $key == 'password') {
$user->password = Hash::make($data['password']);
}
elseif ($request->filled($key)) {
$user->$key = $data[$key];
}
}
if ($data) {
$user->save();
}
return back()->with('success','會員新增成功 !');
}
|
如此一來你的資料經過 驗證 後就會寫入資料庫。
萬事起頭難，接下來你會發現就是新增 blade 然後在 controller 設定操作。
在 controller 的 edit($id) 加入 :
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| public function edit($id)
{
// 取出要修改的會員資料
$user = User::where('id',$id)->first();
// 帶著會員資料進入修改頁面
return view('manage.member.edit',compact('user'));
}
|
在 edit.blade.php 中加入 :
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| @extends('_layouts.manage.app')
@section('title', trans('Member').trans('Edit'))
@section('content')
<div class="container-fluid">
<div class="row justify-content-center">
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">{% raw %}{{ trans('Member').trans('Edit') }}{% endraw %}</div>
<div class="card-body">
<ul class="list-unstyled">
<li>{% raw %}{{ App\Button::GoBack(route('member.index')) }}{% endraw %}</li>
</ul>
<form method="POST" action="{% raw %}{{ route('member.update' , $user->id) }}{% endraw %}">
@csrf
@method('PUT')
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="email" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('E-Mail Address') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<input id="email" type="email" class="form-control @error('email') is-invalid @enderror" name="email" value="{% raw %}{{ $user->email }}{% endraw %}" required autocomplete="email" autofocus>
@error('email')
<span class="invalid-feedback" role="alert">
<strong>{% raw %}{{ $message }}{% endraw %}</strong>
</span>
@enderror
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="name" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('Name') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<input id="name" type="text" class="form-control @error('name') is-invalid @enderror" name="name" value="{% raw %}{{ $user->name }}{% endraw %}" required autocomplete="name" autofocus>
@error('name')
<span class="invalid-feedback" role="alert">
<strong>{% raw %}{{ $message }}{% endraw %}</strong>
</span>
@enderror
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="name" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('Permission') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<select class="form-control @error('permission') is-invalid @enderror" id="permission" name='permission' required>
@foreach(App\Enum::permission as $key => $value)
@if ($key == $user->permission)
<option value='{% raw %}{{ $key }}{% endraw %}' selected>{% raw %}{{ $value }}{% endraw %}</option>
@else
<option value='{% raw %}{{ $key }}{% endraw %}'>{% raw %}{{ $value }}{% endraw %}</option>
@endif
@endforeach
</select>
@error('permission')
<span class="invalid-feedback" role="alert">
<strong>{% raw %}{{ $message }}{% endraw %}</strong>
</span>
@enderror
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="password" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('Password') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<input id="password" type="password" class="form-control @error('password') is-invalid @enderror" name="password" autocomplete="new-password">
@error('password')
<span class="invalid-feedback" role="alert">
<strong>{% raw %}{{ $message }}{% endraw %}</strong>
</span>
@enderror
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<label for="password-confirm" class="col-md-4 col-form-label text-md-right">{% raw %}{{ trans('Confirm Password') }}{% endraw %}</label>
<div class="col-md-6">
<input id="password-confirm" type="password" class="form-control" name="password_confirmation" autocomplete="new-password">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group row">
<div class="col-md-6">
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="送出">
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
@endsection
|
回到會員管理首頁，看到剛剛新增的資料，點擊最右邊的修改按鈕進入修改頁面。
接著在 controller 中的 update() 加入 :
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| public function update(Request $request, $id)
{
$error = 0;
$user = User::where('id',$id)->first();
// 如果有輸入密碼
if ($request->filled('password')) {
$data = $this->validate($request, [
'name' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
'email' => ['required', 'string', 'email', 'max:255'],
'password' => ['required', 'string', 'min:1', 'confirmed'],
'permission' => ['required', 'integer', 'max:5', 'min:0'],
]);
foreach ($request->except('_token','_method','password_confirmation') as $key => $value) {
if ($request->filled($key) && $key == 'password') {
$user->password = Hash::make($data['password']);
}
elseif ($request->filled($key)) {
$user->$key = $data[$key];
if ($user->$key == '') {
$error += 1;
}
}
}
if ($error == 0) {
$user->save();
}
else{
return back()->withInput()->with('warning', '請確認輸入 !');
}
}
else{
$data = $this->validate($request, [
'name' => ['required', 'string', 'max:255'],
'email' => ['required', 'string', 'email', 'max:255'],
'permission' => ['required', 'integer', 'max:5', 'min:0'],
]);
// 逐筆進行htmlpurufier 並去掉<p></p>
foreach ($request->except('_token','_method') as $key => $value) {
if ($request->filled($key)) {
$user->$key = $data[$key];
if ($user->$key == '') {
$error += 1;
}
}
}
if ($error == 0) {
$user->save();
}
else{
return back()->withInput()->with('warning', '請確認輸入 !');
}
}
return back()->with('success', '會員更新成功 !');
}
|
沒意外應該是可以成功修改。
這個部分最簡單，我們總是習慣捨去。
在 controller 中的 destroy() 中加入 :
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| public function destroy($id)
{
User::destroy($id);
return back()->with('success', '會員刪除成功 !');
}
|
接著只要點擊會員管理首頁的刪除按鈕即可刪除該筆資料。
我知道你在這個章節可能會看得不清楚，比如
- 為什麼要
return back()->with('success', '會員刪除成功 !'); validate 是什麼 ?
等等諸如此類的問題將在下一章說明。